The Crucible :: English Literature

How the Dominican Republic Changed My American Middle Class Life :: Personal Narrative Culture Essays

How the Dominican Republic Changed My American Middle Class Life I am a result of American culture. Brought up in Racine, Wisconsin, I experienced childhood in a working class rural neighborhood. Christian ethics and qualities have been presented to me since the day I was brought into this world. I was instructed to love and regard others. I would have jumped at the chance to believe that I was the aftereffect of a balanced instructive framework. All things considered, I examined world history. I was likewise presented to the revulsions of underdeveloped nations by viewing the plugs on TV shouting out for cash to assist those youngsters with paunches enlarged of air and illness eating their bodies? Also, obviously, I will always remember the catastrophes of abused countries so expressively spoke to in the day by day versions of the Journal Times. Each morning I sat in my kitchen, checking the day by day paper over some espresso examining my day by day schedule. Would it be advisable for me to take the Nissan or the Toyota to class today? Pants or khakis? Bagel or grain? The entirety of the basic components of a normal American’s plan that messiness my cerebrum with choices appeared to overpower me promptly toward the beginning of the day. On a typical morning, I would pick the Nissan, a gas-chugging monster that had become the ongoing trend among American purchasers. I would walk around school wearing my Gap pants and J-Crew tee shirt, aware of the easygoing look I decided to don. I would begin my day blending among my companions, all astoundingly likewise dressed and prepared. We would talk about the entirety of the squeezing social issues: if Joey and Pacy separated on Dawson’s Creek, where we could purchase the most recent New Balance shoes, and in particular, who might host the get-together on Friday night. During my time in secondary school, I likewise turned into an incredibly refined person. Six dark individuals went to my school and I was a companion to every one of them. Anthea’s guardians were even from Africa. I additionally acquainted myself with Indian culture as Pikul Patel was a schoolmate of mine since grade school and I conversed with him as well.

Welcome to The Well-Readhead Inn

Welcome to The Well-Readhead Inn Previously on The Well-Readheads, we revealed our book hoarding tendencies and fantasized about opening a bed-and-breakfast to cater to booklovers and help them conquer their TBRs. We’ve been working on the business plan and look forward to inviting you to fund our Kickstarter campaign soon. For now, a preview: Inn Packages The Jane Austen: 2 nightsOne copy of an average-length Classic Novel You’ve Been Meaning To Read Forever. 3 meals and 2 snacks per day. Unlimited coffee or tea. One fluffy bathrobe dusted with Cheeto crumbs. In-room video displays Colin Firth encouraging you to keep going or singing “Moves Like Jagger” until you achieve a page count sufficient to shut him up (reader’s choice). The Miller-Nin: 3 nightsThis couples package includes a customized selection of erotic literature and love poetry. All meals delivered to room via a secret compartment to maximize privacy. Staff will not contact you during stay but expect to receive a written report of your activities within one month after check-out. (Why get down and dirty if you’re not going to document it?) Extra charge for breaking furniture or if the lingerie you toss onto a lampshade starts a fire. Optional upgrade to the Sartre-de Beauvoir package for guests who prefer to, uh, play in groups. The John Irving: 4 nightsOne copy of a long-ish Book You Want To Read And Don’t Have Time For, one “palate cleanser” collection of short stories or essays. 3 meals and 2 snacks per day. Unlimited coffee or tea. Cocktail service beginning at 3pm daily. One stuffed armadillo, one in-room wrestling mat. Bunk beds optional (to re-create that boarding school feel). Encouragement provided by man who is missing a limb but has A VERY STRANGE VOICE. Finish the book before checkout and see the bicycle-riding bear for free! The Tolstoy: 7 nightsOne copy of a Large Classic Tome, two “palate cleansers” for when you start to go cross-eyed from reading tiny print and long footnotes. 3 meals, 2 snacks, and 1 midnight nibble per day. Unlimited coffee, tea, and cigarettes (you’ll be a smoker by the time we get done with you). In-room applause machine to sound at each 100-page mark. Daily visits from helpful and not-at-all-annoying professor. One massage by an attractive but frigid Victorian Lady. Visits to the John Irving Suite’s wrestling mat when you get ahead of schedule and need to blow off some, er, steam. The Agatha Christie: 7 nightsChoose between a train compartment or a ship’s cabin. Package includes 20 randomly chosen Christie novels, one monocle, one nosy elderly guest next door, one cry in the night and one masseuse/housekeeper/concierge/server played by the same person. The room includes a well-hidden venomous snake, a draught of poison, a smoking gun, bloodstains, and the feeling youre being watched. (We also offer a half-price deal on the Christie, in which we tear the last ten pages out of the books, and we set the snake right on top of your pillow.) The Rowling: 10 nightsOne boxed set of the Harry Potter series, one cloak (invisibility not included), one personal butler dressed as a house elf. Do not under any circumstances give him your socks. 3 meals daily in the communal dining hall (with other Rowling package guests). Unlimited coffee, tea, and butterbeer. Daily meetings with your reading nemesis for motivation. One middle-of-the-night appearance by the Dark Lord to scare the pants off of you. (We said they were optional!)  May be substituted for The Tolkien (inquire for details, includes second breakfasts). The George R. R. Martin: 10 nightsone furnished castle tower, complete with swords, furs, a direwolf, and a robe monogrammed with your personal sigil. Front desk will call once a day to remind you that winter is coming. Upon finishing a book, we make you wait an exorbitant   amount of time before we deliver the next one. We also execute your favorite staff member halfway through your stay. Dragons egg omelets served at breakfast; try our specialty drink, the White Walker! The Douglas Adams Hitchhiker Suite42 nights in the Beeblebrox Stateroom; a towel; a nightly swim with dolphins; three meals served in five parts in the Restaurant at the End of the Universe; one babel fish to translate any books you may wish to read in another language; one witty alien roommate. House Rules 1. Upon arriving at the Well-Readhead Inn, you must surrender all electronic devices. Guests found with such items after check-in will immediately be moved to the Twilight Room. (Managers note: the body glitter is temporary and will wash away after a few weeks. The shame is yours forever.) 2. Guests are invited to walk the grounds, sit a spell in the veranda rocking chairs, and enjoy therapeutic soaks in the outdoor hot tub. Those found doing so without a book will lose all out-of-room privileges for the remainder of their stay. Those found doing so without pants will be given a high-five and our undying respect. 3. The Well-Readhead Inn observes a strict “no spoilers” policy. Guests caught revealing plot points to those for whom they will ruin the experience will be exiled in the Dungeon of Distraction and forced to play Angry Birds for a period consummate with the severity of their offense. 4.   Guests are expected to respect each other’s personal space and to observe the posted quiet hours when reading in the Inn’s public spaces. Anyone who makes like the annoying seatmate who won’t shut up on a three-hour flight will be sent to the Clockwork Orange Suite, the details of which are confidential. 5. All books are property of the Well-Readhead Inn; guests inclined to highlight or underline in books may pre-purchase copies. (In the case of the Miller-Nin package, cost of books is factored into the price we dont want those back.) Our promise to you: You will never hear the words I wish *I* had time to read uttered on these grounds. Recommend additional packages and house rules in the comments below. We look forward to welcoming you to The Well-Readhead Inn soon!

Literary Analysis Of Dulce Et Decorum Est - 702 Words

The poem ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ by Wilfred Owen is a shocking and thought provoking poem which details the experiences of soldiers in the trenches during WW1. Owen uses graphic descriptions of life in the trenches to convey a powerful message to the reader. He uses many important techniques to describe to the readers the graphics of war. He also uses his poetry as a vehicle to express his ideas on the horror and futility of war. This poem was made to un idolize the idea of war and to create an emotional response. The reader is introduced to the horror of war in the first lines of the poem as Owen depicts the poor physical condition of the men. â€Å"Bent double, like old beggars under sacks†. This simile demonstrates to the people reading†¦show more content†¦The change of pace in â€Å"Gas! Gas! Quick, boys!† is a stark contrast to the slow, laborious pace of the march as reflected in the long sentences of the first verse. The sentence structure encapsulates the panic and urgency felt by the men. The use of short words and exclamation marks mirror their alarm and the words ‘Gas! Gas!’ Are used to reflect the unexpected and abrupt nature of the attack. This emotionally affects me as reader because when reading the poem out load it changes the pace drastically and makes me feel upset because they were in such a hurry to put gas masks on. Finally, the bitter irony of the poem is revealed in the last lines as he attacks those who would argue that death in war is glorious, â€Å"my friend, you would not tell with such high zest†. Here, Owen employs the use of second person to address the stay at home patriots and those who would encourage young men to give up their lives for their country. The use of ‘my friend’ is deeply ironic and betrays his anger as he holds these people accountable for what he and so many others has had to endure. The irony of the poem makes me upset because people are glorifying war and making it seem as though it is something that young men should sign up for. In conclusion, the poem ‘Dulce et Decorum est’ by Wilfred Owen is a deeply poignant poem that uses a variety of powerful techniques to express a very powerfulShow MoreRelatedWilfred Owen’s Dulce et Decorum Est1100 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary Analysis of Wilfred Owen’s â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† The world is a changing place with many different countries and people in those countries who try to change the world from our past, future and present. When looking at poems from the past we are able to see the world through the author’s eyes of the time and possible a view into the future. History tells us to learn from the past to improve the future of our world. A way to learn about the past is by reading poems from a time mostRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Poem Dulce Et Decorum Est1692 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Welcome back to the Poetry and Society unit of the literature topic. We are moving on from last week’s poetry type, American slam and we are now studying Protest and Resistance poetry. The protest poem ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’, written by Wilfred Owen, challenges the dominant World War One ideologies of militarism and nationalism. You will find that this poem is a great example as it defies the dominant values and beliefs of war in Britain. Wilfred Owen Let’s discuss the poet. WilfredRead MoreCritical Analysis of Wilfred Owen’s â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est† Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Analysis of Wilfred Owen’s â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† Wilfred Owen’s poem â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est†, is a powerful poem with graphical lifelike images on the reality of war. It is blatantly apparent that the author was a soldier who experienced some of the most gruesome images of war. His choice of words, diction, tone, syntax, and metaphor’s paint a vivid picture in a brilliant poem. His choice for the poem’s name is ironical in itself. The entire phrase is â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est Pro patriaRead MoreThe Movie Park Avenue : Money, Power And The American Dream858 Words   |  4 PagesFor this reason, people never take the opportunity to evaluate the true facts behind that dream. In the documentary â€Å"Park Avenue: Money, Power and the American Dream† by Director Alex Gibney, an analysis of the true facts behind the ‘American dream’ is presented (Lee). Similarly, the poem â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen speaks about the true facts of a war that people foolish ly dream to go to for honor (Owen). The two are distinct in the sense of their nature. The first piece by Gibney is a documentary

Internal and External Communication on Bp Gulf Oil Spill...

Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Analysis 3 Internal communication 3 External communication 6 Conclusion 10 Recommendation 11 Internal communication 11 External communication 12 Executive Summary BP oil spill in April 2010, had incurred serious damage to both the company and publics. Though some internal and external communication strategies were carried out after the accident, more improvements should be made by BP to maintain the safety and reputation. The internal strategies used by BP, employing appropriate communication channels and appointing a CEO who is familiar with American cultures, need to be analysed and evaluated, as well as the external strategies aiming at reacting to†¦show more content†¦The perfect strategies can facilitate employees’ communication and promote engagement, which are crucial in challenging times. Some positive effects brought by the strategy are demonstrated as below. Through these channels, everyone is kept aligned on the shared goals and informed where the corporation is and is going. Employees can be motivated to work for BP because they feel proud of being perceived as part of the whole group. The sense of responsibilities for the corporation, hence, is supposed to be instilled in employees’ minds that all members need to understand how to build a successful team. The sense of responsibilities is believed to be crucial in preventing accidents like the oil spill. According to Hammer (2011), the investigation proved that the blowout preventer stack would not have stopped the disaster even if it had functioned perfectly, because it was activated too late by the rig crew. As the evidence shows, the accident, to some extent, could be attributed to the serious human failure. Aiming at promote engagements and involvements, the appropriate strategies can make employees feel more responsible for BP’s collective interests and take more act ions to protect BP’s reputation or safety. In addition, these channels provide the platform where employees and employers are related to eachShow MoreRelatedEthics Paper MGT/498852 Words   |  4 Pagesis the oil and gas company BP p.l.c. In 2010, a massive oil spill broke out in the Gulf of Mexico that was caused by oil drilling conducted by this Company and its key contractors. This oil spill caused the death of eleven individuals and cost the company and its partners tens of billions of dollars in order to contain a blowout of the well, mitigate the damages caused and compensate all the individuals and businesses impacted by the spill.(The Telegraph). As a result of this oil spill, the USRead MoreCrisis management; BP2129 Words   |  9 Pagesconcern British Petroleum (BP). At first I would like to provide more information about the crisis and its consequences, then I will identify the kind of crisis we have to deal with, I will discuss the several communication strategies BP have used, I will explain the different reactions of the public on the crisis. At last, I will give the oil concern some advice, in case a reoccurrence takes place. The BP oil spill The BP oil spill was a big natural disaster in the Gulf of Mexico on the 20th ofRead MoreBp Management, Ethical And Social Behavior1114 Words   |  5 Pageskilling 11 workers and releasing oil from the well into an ocean. This paper will discuss BP management, ethical and social behavior. BP along with a few of its partners Transocean and Halliburton was involved in the gulf oil spill. The explosion of the drilling rig Deepwater Horizon was the root cause of the oil spill. This paper will focus on BP organization behavioral issues that caused the economic, environmental, and human losses. The research further focuses on what BP leadership could have doneRead MoreThe Analysis Of The Deepwater Horizon Study Group1365 Words   |  6 PagesBP leadership along with partners did not have proper governance and process to evaluate the risk that they are willing to take. The employee at every level does not know how much risk to take nor did any corporate policy exist to guide them. Having zero risk tolerance and zero safety defects in these complex operations ensure there are no human losses. The analysis of the Deepwater Horizon Study Group (2011) (p.11) shows that the leadership was concerned about how much money was spent in excessRead MoreThe BP Oil Spill and Leadership Issues3870 Words   |  16 Pagesï » ¿The BP Oil Spill An Introductory Background - One of the most controversial ecological disasters in recent history focused on multinational British Petroleum and their Gulf of Mexico Operations. The Deepwater Oil Disaster began on April 20, 2010 with an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon Oil platform, killing 11, injuring 17. It was not until July 15th, however, that the leak was stopped by capping the wellhead, after releasing almost 5 million barrels (206 million gallons) of crude oil, or 53,000Read MoreBp Sustainability Essay28986 Words   |  116 Pagescom/sustainability 2 A letter from our group chief executive / 4 How BP is changing 6 Gulf of Mexico oil spill / 14 How we operate / 22 Energy future 30 Safety / 34 Environment / 38 Society Within hours of the Deepwater Horizon accident, BP teams were working to stop the leak. We also acted to minimize the spill’s impact on the environment by containing, removing and dispersing oil offshore, protecting the shoreline and cleaning up oil that came ashore. And we worked with wildlife groups to developRead MoreThe Planning Function of Management at British Petroleum1241 Words   |  5 PagesBP organization direction Planning function of management British Petroleum (BP) has had their key successes from the various strategies and goals that the organization has which include the companys technology transformation and alignment of objectives to the analysis of its competitors and market conditions. This is what has helped to make BP a successful company. The company believes that the essence of its survival is its ability to gain strategic and competitive advantage which has helpedRead MoreOil And The Deep Water Horizon Drilling Platform5125 Words   |  21 Pagesto showcase and explain the costs and losses of the explosion and sinking of the Deep Water Horizon Drilling Platform owned by Transocean and leased by BP Oil and the sea-floor oil gusher that flowed through 87 days in the Gulf of Mexico. We will showcase the costs and loses from the beginning of the disaster, which was in April 20th to until the oil flusher was capped on, which was in July 15th. Moreover, we will show the consequences and legal actions that were take n after the disaster occurredRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility in GRI2657 Words   |  11 Pagesproducts. Examples include management earnings forecast, social and environmental reports, information on achieved projects and company targets, and risks management. Internal reporting provides critical feedback to employees that enables them to see how their individual contributions add to the success of the organization. External reporting is an opportunity for an organization to share its sustainability story with the world. Attention to CSR matters has grown increasingly over the last 20 yearsRead MoreArchetypes: Strategic Management and Firm Specific Advantages1632 Words   |  7 Pagesvalue chains now contain activities that are tightly integrated. This means that firms and workers in widely separated locations affect one another more than they have in the past. So for example BP an international coordinator, when there where oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico, it suddenly affected all other BP operations, because their branding image was looked in a worse way, decreasing its organization reputation. 7. Why is a multi-centered MNE characterized by maximum local responsiveness?

The Role of Christianity in the Restoration and Remaking of State Power Free Essays

The last centuries of the Roman Empire was marked with chaos and bloodshed. Rival claimants to the imperial throne constantly waged war with one another, disrupting all aspects of Roman life in the process. Barbaric tribes from neighboring regions took advantage of this situation by invading the countryside, stealing crops and livestock, burning entire towns to the ground and killing or enslaving Roman peasants. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Christianity in the Restoration and Remaking of State Power or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the cities, ambitious praetorians and senators often led rebellions, paralyzing economic activity as a result. The tragic end of the Roman Empire eroded confidence in human reason and shattered the hope of attaining happiness in this world. Desperate, impoverished and fearful for their lives, people during this period were searching for an escape from the oppression that they were experiencing. This need, in turn, prompted the evolution and expansion of Christianity. Christianity’s otherworldliness and promise of personal immortality gave a spiritually disillusioned Greco-Roman world a reason to continue living. Furthermore, the triumph of Christianity in the Greco-Roman world marked the end of classical antiquity and the beginning of the medieval period (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 171). A Palestinian Jew named Jesus Christ (4 BC-29 AD) was the founder of Christianity. Prior to his ministry, most Palestinian Jews were followers of Judaism, a religion that was based on Mosaic Law (Torah). Apart from religious rituals, Judaism was also composed of many laws that governed daily life. Christ himself was taught Jewish religious-ethical thought in his formative years (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 174). Christ, however, was distressed over the manner in which Jewish leaders implemented the teachings of Judaism. He felt that their focus â€Å"shifted from prophetic values to obedience to rules and prohibitions regulating the smallest details of daily life† (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 174). For Christ, detailed regulations governing everyday activities dealt only with a person’s visible behavior but not with his or her inner being. Such a superficial manner of enforcing Jewish law produced individuals who mechanically followed rules and prohibitions but whose hearts remained impure (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 174). He believed that true morality meant doing away with vices such as fornication, adultery, murder and avarice. The Jewish scribes and priests, as a result, viewed Christ as a threat to ancient traditions and to their authority over the Jews. The Romans, meanwhile, regarded him as a political agitator who would incite a rebellion against Rome (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 175). Jewish leaders therefore had him arrested for high treason and turned him over to Pontius Pilate, who sentenced him to death by crucifixion. But Christ underwent resurrection three days after his demise and later ascended into heaven. His followers then traveled to various parts of the world in order to spread his teachings. The early years of Christianity were not easy for its followers. Christians during the Roman Empire, for instance, were brutally persecuted because they were seen as â€Å"subversives (who) preached allegiance to God and not to Rome† (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 180). They were imprisoned, beaten, starved, burned alive, crucified and torn apart by wild animals in the arena for the amusement of the Roman public (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 181). In order to escape harassment, Christians clandestinely met and held worship services in venues such as catacombs. But Christianity’s aforementioned situation was reversed with the fall of the Roman Empire. The appeal of Christianity was based mainly on the common knowledge that religion is more capable of stirring human hearts than reason. The Roman Empire’s staunch belief in science and philosophy did not save it from total destruction. Neither was it able to provide comforting solutions to the existential problems of life and death (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 178). Christianity, in sharp contrast, gave the assurance that all earthly torments were â€Å"the will of God† – God made human beings undergo suffering in order to test their faithfulness to him. As Christianity became increasingly popular among the Romans, emperors realized that crushing the religion through persecution was already futile. They instead decided to obtain the support of the empire’s Christian population. Constantine, for instance, issued in 313 AD the Edict of Milan – a law that granted toleration to Christians. This directive was followed by other legislations which was favorable to the church – Theodosius I had made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire and outlawed the worship of pagan gods by 392 AD (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 181). It would be fair to say that these laws transformed Christianity into an apparatus for the restoration and remaking of state power. Fanatic clergy took advantage of their newly-empowered status by persuading Roman emperors to issue decrees that persecuted pagans, Jews and Christians with unorthodox views. Consequently, many followers of pagan cults were fined, imprisoned, tortured and executed. In addition, Christian mobs burned non-Christian writings, destroyed pagan altars and sacred images and squelched pagan rites and festivals (Perry, Chase, Jacob, Jacob, Von Laue 181). In the process, the Roman Empire was slowly being replaced with a theocracy – Roman emperors were reduced to puppets that the Christian clergy controlled at the strings. Christianity further gained political clout when it started amassing material wealth. Many wealthy Christians died leaving almost all of their fortune to the church. Some Christian leaders in the 4th century were therefore able to build monasteries or communities of people committed to prayer and asceticism (Hastings 43). Monasteries played a crucial role in the spread of Christianity – they served as training grounds for missionaries. Monasteries were likewise vital to social and economic development, as they established schools and libraries and served as landlords and organizers of economic wealth (McManners 119). The Christian Church, through the monasteries, amassed so much wealth in donated lands, money and priceless church furnishings. Thus, the Christian Church eventually became richer and more powerful than most lay monarchies. The pope, previously a spiritual leader alone, also became a temporal power in the process (Bausch, Cannon and Obach 120). By the 9th century, the Christian Church was already powerful enough to establish its own empire – Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in 800 (MSN Encarta n. pag. ). The Middle Ages was characterized with constant power struggles between the pope and the monarchs. In 1075, for instance, Pope Gregory VII and Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV fought over the right of the sovereign to appoint bishops in his realm (lay investiture). Henry refused to acknowledge Gregory’s papacy, while the pope excommunicated the emperor. Lay investiture is said to be the most persistent source of clashes between the Christian Church and the nobility – bishops and abbots refused to have the king exercise control over their lands and other wealth. But it was necessary for the king to do it in order to assert his authority over his secular nobility (MSN Encarta n. pag. ). The Crusades was one of the rare instances wherein the monarchy and the Christian Church joined forces. The Muslim conquest of Jerusalem spawned meant that the sacred places associated with the life of Christ would fall into the hands of a non-Christian power. West European Christians therefore launched the Crusades, a series of wars from 1095 to 1204 that were intended to recapture Jerusalem from Muslim rule. But the Crusades proved to be a failure – Jerusalem returned to Islamic rule a century after the Fourth Crusade of 1202-1204 (MSN Encarta n. pag. ). After the Crusades, the Christian Church was plagued with even more problems. Moral laxity and financial corruption were very rampant (MSN Encarta n. pag. ). The clergy lived luxuriously, while ordinary people starved. Another anomaly that took place within the Christian Church was the selling of indulgences. Priests would sell people relics (hair or bones of saints) at very expensive prices. They would convince people into buying by claiming that possessing relics would immediately take them to Heaven upon their death. Some priests and religious leaders openly criticized the aforementioned irregularities in the Christian Church, a phenomenon which was later known as the Reformation. On October 31, 1517, German theologian Martin Luther published the Ninety-five Theses, a criticism on the selling of indulgences in order to raise funds for the construction of St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. His excommunication by Pope Leo X led to the formation of Protestantism. Others, such as Huldreich Zwingli and John Calvin, soon came up with their own Protestant sects (MSN Encarta n. pag. ). The emergence of Protestantism prompted the Catholic Church to stage the Counterreformation in the 16th and 17th centuries. The Council of Trent (1545-1563), for one, clarified controversial doctrines and established guidelines on liturgy, church administration and education. The Catholic Church likewise came up with the Index of Forbidden Books and a new Inquisition. Missionaries were then sent to the Far East and North and South America in order to draw more converts to Roman Catholicism (MSN Encarta n. pag. ). Christianity’s otherworldliness and promise of personal immortality made it appear as a suitable alternative to the chaotic Roman Empire. As a result, people wholeheartedly supported the Christian Church. Apart from being faithful followers, they invested time and resources on the religion. The Christian Church, in the process, became even more powerful than secular nobility. But if power corrupts, then absolute power corrupts absolutely. Later Catholic leaders became morally decadent and corrupt. Consequently, concerned parties from the clergy established Protestantism. It is indeed very ironic that Christianity, once regarded as an alternative to a corrupt status quo, ended up being a corrupt institution itself. How to cite The Role of Christianity in the Restoration and Remaking of State Power, Papers

Primary Childrens Hospital chargemaster (2) (1) Essays

CDMChargemasterSuppliesPharmacyBill Item IDCharge DescriptionPricePrices are accurate as of date posted and may be subject to changePrice is subject to change based on changes to supply acquisition costPrice is subject to change based on changes to pharmacy acquisition costPrimary Children's Hospital1900003115Therapeutic Prophylactic/Dx Injection Subq/Im 963721176215270amantadine 100 mg capsule1176355010doxycycline hyclate 100 mg capsule1176406340gemfibrozil 600 mg tablet1176567540OXcarbazepine 300 mg tablet1176651440scopolamine 1 mg/72 hr patchscopolamine 1 mg/72 hr patch [1.3 or 1.5 mg total/patch]1176235070atenolol 25 mg tabletatenolol 50 mg tablet1176480170lisinopril 2.5 mg tablet1176482310loratadine 10 mg tablet1176708210valsartan 80 mg tablet1176714490warfarin 1 mg tabletwarfarin 2 mg tabletwarfarin 2.5 mg tabletwarfarin 4 mg tabletwarfarin 5 mg tablet1176401620fluvoxaMINE 50 mg tablet1176522250mirtazapine 15 mg tabletmirtazapine 30 mg tablet1176538010nafcillin 2,000 mg vial117 6666470sucralfate 1 g tablet1176207760acyclovir 200 mg capsule1176221860amoxicillin 250 mg capsuleamoxicillin 500 mg capsule1176283080cephalexin 250 mg capsulecephalexin 500 mg capsule1176338860dicyclomine 10 mg capsule1176343630dilTIAZem ER 90 mg/12 hour capsule1176346370diphenhydrAMINE 50 mg capsule1176353860doxepin 10 mg capsule1176447190indomethacin 25 mg capsule1176481990loperamide 2 mg capsule1176616970prazosin 1 mg capsuleprazosin 5 mg capsule1176646340rifAMPin 300 mg capsule1176708130valproic acid 250 mg capsule1176709460venlafaxine ER-24 hr 37.5 mg capsulevenlafaxine ER-24 hr 75 mg capsule1176476880lidocaine 5% (700 mg) patchlidocaine 5% patch1176573640pantoprazole 40 mg vial1176692780topotecan 1 mg/mL 4 mL powder vial1176473650levalbuterol 0.63 mg/3 mL inhalation solutionlevalbuterol 1.25 mg/3 mL inhalation solution1176668860sulfameth-trimeth (Septra) 80-16 mg/mL 10 mL vial1176562910octreotide 500 mcg/mL 1 mL injection1176290820chlorproMAZINE 25 mg/mL 1 mL ampul1176320290c ycloSPORINE 50 mg/mL 5 mL vial1176394040flumazenil 0.1 mg/mL 5 mL vialibuprofen 100 mg/5 mL oral suspension 5 mL UD11764429701176557560norepinephrine 1 mg/mL 4 mL injection1176589090PHENobarbital 65 mg/mL 1 mL vial1176674540terbutaline 1 mg/mL 1 mL vial1176690470tobramycin 40 mg/mL 2 mL vial1176367150epoetin alfa-ESRD 2,000 units/mL 1 mL vial1176293220cholestyramine/sucrose 4 g packet (sugar)1176410200glycerin-adult 2 g rectal suppositoryglycerin-pediatric 1.2 g rectal suppository1176201150acetaminophen 120 mg suppositoryacetaminophen 325 mg suppositoryacetaminophen 650 mg suppository1176253610bisacodyl 10 mg rectal suppository1176435960hydrocortisone acetate 25 mg supp.rectal1176347510atropine-diphenoxylate 0.025 mg-2.5 mg tablet1176274330carbidopa/levodopa 10mg-100mg tabletcarbidopa/levodopa 25 mg-100 mg tablet1176211620allopurinol 100 mg tabletallopurinol 300 mg tablet1176212530ALPRAZolam 0.5 mg tablet1176220040amitriptyline 25 mg tabletamitriptyline 50 mg tablet1176248280benztro pine mesylate 0.5 mg tablet1176253380bisacodyl 5 mg EC tablet1176259650bumetanide 0.5 mg tabletbumetanide 1 mg tablet1176260880buPROPion HCl 100 mg tablet1176261120busPIRone 5 mg tablet1176273180carBAMazepine 100 mg chewable tabletcarBAMazepine 200 mg tabletchlorproMAZINE 25 mg tablet1176302210clonazePAM 0.5 mg tabletclonazePAM 1 mg tablet1176302540cloNIDine 0.1 mg tabletcloNIDine 0.2 mg tablet1176320860cyproheptadine 4 mg tablet1176336130diazePAM 2 mg tabletdiazePAM 5 mg tabletdicyclomine 20 mg tabletdilTIAZem 30 mg tablet1176348760dipyridamole 50 mg tabletdoxazosin 1 mg tabletdoxazosin 2 mg tablet1176362850enalapril maleate 2.5 mg tabletenalapril 5 mg tablet1176383560famotidine 20 mg tablet1176402460folic acid 1 mg tablet1176403600furosemide 20 mg tablet1176431250hydrALAZINE 25 mg tabletibuprofen 200 mg tabletibuprofen 600 mg tablet1176459480isoniazid 300 mg Tab1176466980labetalol 100 mg tabletlabetalol 200 mg tablet1176482560LORazepam 0.5 mg tabletLORazepam 1 mg tablet1176482720l osartan 25 mg tabletlosartan 50 mg tablet1176502110metFORMIN 500 mg tablet1176505670methotrexate 2.5 mg tablet1176512840metoclopramide 5 mg tablet1176514090metoprolol tartrate 100 mg tablet1176514900metroNIDAZOLE 500 mg tablet1176525300montelukast 10 mg tablet1176537440nadolol 20 mg tabletnadolol 40 mg tablet1176541970naproxen 250 mg tabletnaproxen 375 mg tabletnaproxen 500 mg tablet1176553010NIFEdipine 30 mg ER tablet1176563410OLANZapine 10 mg tabletOLANZapine 5 mg tablet1176618460predniSONE 20 mg tablet1176622080prochlorperazine 5 mg tablet1176628360propranolol 10 mg tabletpropranolol 20 mg tabletpropranolol 40 mg tablet1176664150sotalol 80 mg tablet1176664070spironolactone 25 mg tablet1176690390tiZANidine 4 mg tablet1176693770traZODone 100 mg tablet1176709950verapamil 80 mg tabletchlorproMAZINE 50 mg Tabspironolactone 50 mg tabletvenlafaxine ER-24 hr 150 mg capsuleamantadine 50 mg/5 mL oral syrup1176298350clarithromycin 500 mg tablet1176669100sulfameth/trimeth (Bactrim) 400 mg-80 mg tablet1176265910calcitriol 0.25 mcg capsule1176282580celecoxib 100 mg capsulecelecoxib 200 mg capsule1176352610docusate sodium 100 mg capsule1176718290ziprasidone 20 mg capsule1176711420vitamin A 10,000 unit capsule1176472170lansoprazole DR 15 mg capsule1176552440nicotine 14 mg/24 hr patchnicotine 21 mg/24 hr patchnicotine 7 mg/24 hr patchloratadine 5 mg/5 mL Oral Syrup1176318150cyanocobalamin 1,000 mcg tablet1176232000aspirin 325 mg tablet1176238380azithromycin 250 mg tabletazithromycin 500 mg tablet1176297020citalopram 10 mg tabletcitalopram 20 mg tabletcitalopram 40 mg tablet1176376970ethambutol 100 mg tabletethambutol 400 mg tablet1176392550fluconazole 150 mg tabletfluconazole 50 mg tablet1176393700fludrocortisone 0.1 mg tablet1176398590FLUoxetine 10 mg tablet1176474560levoFLOXacin 250 mg tabletlevoFLOXacin 500 mg tablet1176475300levothyroxine 100 mcg tabletlevothyroxine 112 mcg tabletlevothyroxine 125 mcg tabletlevothyroxine 200 mcg tabletlevothyroxine 50 mcg tabletlevothyr oxine 75 mcg tabletlisinopril 10 mg tabletlisinopril 20 mg tabletlisinopril 5 mg tablet1176575390PARoxetine 10 mg tablet1176654740sertraline 100 mg tabletsertraline 25 mg tabletsertraline 50 mg tabletmontelukast sodium 4 mg chewable tabletmontelukast sodium 5 mg chewable tabletaspirin 325 mg tablet enteric coatedaspirin 81 mg tablet enteric coatedbuPROPion HCl 150 mg ER tab 12 hr (SR)1176213110alteplase 50 mg vial1176602510phytonadione 10 mg/mL 1 mL ampul1176606160pneumococcal 23-valent vaccine 25 mcg/0.5 mL injection1176608300polyethylene glycol 3350 powder 4,000 mLpolyethylene glycol 3350 powder 4000 mL1176234990atorvastatin

Disturbance as a Crucial Process in Shaping the Modern Landscape When the Pieces of Mosaics Fall into Their Places

Disturbance as a Crucial Process in Shaping the Modern Landscape When the Pieces of Mosaics Fall into Their Places Of all the things that surround us, landscape seems by far the most stable of all; when looking beyond the horizon, one might think that years will pass, people will come and leave, but the mountains in the distance will always remain in their places.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Disturbance as a Crucial Process in Shaping the Modern Landscape: When the Pieces of Mosaics Fall into Their Places specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this stability is only an illusion; according to the research results, the process known as disturbance shapes the landscape greatly. Because of the disturbance process, the landscape, especially its forest elements, maintain relative stability and display amazing diversity. As Turner, Gardner and O’Neill explain, â€Å"A disturbance is defined as a relatively discrete event that disrupts the structure of an ecosystem, community, or population and changes resource availabilit y or the physical environment† (Turner, Gardner O’Neill, 2001, 159). Therefore, any event within the specific ecosystem that leads to the gradual change of the latter can be classified as a disturbance. There have also been attempts to define an ecosystem disturbance as tectonic movement, which actually matches the key idea of a disturbance. However, it is essential to mention that a disturbance can be triggered not only by the movement of the tectonic blocks, but also by the factors that have much faster, though just as drastic effects, e.g., hurricanes, tsunami and storms. All in all, â€Å"the definition of disturbance is scale dependent,† as Turner, Gardner O’Neill (2001, 159) put it. While the above-mentioned disturbance processes doubtlessly have huge effect on the lives of a number of organisms, as well as on the shape of the landscape, it is still important to figure out why these phenomena are considered of great significance for the landscape e cology.Advertising Looking for essay on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Since disturbances do not happen often, their impact can be viewed as accidental and not quite long-lasting. Therefore, disturbances definitely deserve a better look. The existing evidence shows that disturbances play a great role in shaping landscape: â€Å"Natural disturbances and those caused by human actions can promote plant and animal diversity by influencing the composition, age, size, edge characteristics, and distribution of stands across the landscape† (Voller Harrison, 2011, 23). Judging by the given statement, the effects of disturbances are not necessarily grandeur or induced by a cataclysm. At the same time, the patterns and scale of disturbance depends on the type of the landscape greatly, which makes disturbance and landscape mutually dependent. One of the major positive aspects of disturbance, by the way, is its selectiveness; according to the research data, disturbances do not capture an entire area – instead, they seize a certain part of it, depending on their scale. Thus, the positive effect of a disturbance is provided; once a disturbance could be observed in all corners of a specific area, the species within the given area would have been extinct, and the balance between certain elements of the landscape, e.g., the young and old segments of the chosen area would have been broken. It is also noteworthy that disturbances pass relatively unnoticed in certain landscapes. On the one hand, it might seem that the disturbances on a grand scale must shape any landscape considerably; however, the specifics of certain areas make the landscapes greatly resilient to any sort of disturbance. For example, in the places like desert, where the herbage is very scarce or completely absent, fires will not have a tangible effect.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Disturbance as a Crucial Process in Shaping the Modern Landscape: When the Pieces of Mosaics Fall into Their Places specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As Turner, Gardner and O’Neill say, â€Å"Landscape position appears to influence susceptibility to disturbance when the disturbance itself has a distinct directionality (e.g., hurricane tracks) such that some locations are usually ore exposed than the others† (Turner, Gardner O’Neill, 2001, 165). Unlike one might have thought, disturbances are not chaotic; they have their own specific patterns that can be researched and, thus, predicted with sufficient precision. Depending on the specifics of the area, the patterns of disturbances may vary. Among the most well known factors that influence the disturbance patterns the area of the patch must be named. While a smaller area soon becomes completely engulfed by a certain disturbance, larger areas do not allow a disturbance to spread further ; with many obstacles on its way, including mountains, canyons, rivers, etc., which actually make another factor, i.e., spatial distribution, a disturbance will most likely die out before it even reaches one third of the area. Finally, frequency and recurrence interval must be taken into account. While the latter means the mean time between the disturbance events and allows a specific area to renew and adapt to the changes brought on by the previous disturbance, the former is an approximate number of disturbances that happen in the given area within a certain amount of time (a year, as a rule) (Walker, 2011, 59). Generally speaking, the process of disturbance influences the landscape ecology positively and changes the landscape very slowly, which allows the latter to change so that all its elements, including the fauna, could adapt to the new environment without considerable problems.Advertising Looking for essay on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, it is important to keep in mind that disturbances also characterize a landscape to a considerable extent. Literature Cited Turner, M. G., R. H. Gardner, and R. V. O’Neill, 2001. Landscape ecology in theory and practice. Springer, New York, NY. Voller, J. S. Harrison, 2011. Conservation biology principles for forested landscapes. UBC Press, Vancouver, CA. Walker, L. R., 2011. The biology of disturbed habitats. Oxford University Press, New York.

Battle of Guadalcanal in World War II

Battle of Guadalcanal in World War II Battle of Guadalcanal Conflict Date The Battle of Guadalcanal began on August 7, 1942, during World War II (1939-1945). Armies Commanders Allies Major General Alexander Vandergrift Major General Alexander Patchup to 60,000 men Japanese Lieutenant General Harukichi Hyakutake General Hitoshi Imamura rising to 36,200 men Operation Watchtower In the months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Allied forces suffered a string of reverses as Hong Kong, Singapore, and the Philippines were lost and the Japanese swept through the Pacific. Following the propaganda victory of the Doolittle Raid, the Allies succeeded in checking the advance of the Japanese at the Battle of the Coral Sea. The following month they won a decisive victory at the  Battle of Midway which saw four Japanese carriers sunk in exchange for USS Yorktown (CV-5). Capitalizing on this triumph, the Allies began to move to the offensive in the summer of 1942. Conceived by Admiral Ernest King, Commander-in-Chief, US Fleet, Operation Watchtower called for Allied troops to land in the Solomon Islands at Tulagi, Gavutu–Tanambogo, and Guadalcanal. Such an operation would protect the Allied lines of communication to Australia and allow for the capture of a Japanese airfield then under construction at Lunga Point, Guadalcanal. To oversee the operation, the South Pacific Area was created with Vice Admiral Robert Ghormley in command and reporting to Admiral Chester Nimitz at Pearl Harbor. The ground forces for the invasion would be under the leadership of Major General Alexander A. Vandegrift, with his 1st Marine Division forming the bulk of the 16,000 troops involved. In preparation for the operation, Vandegrifts men were shifted from the United States to New Zealand and forward bases were established or reinforced in the New Hebrides and New Caledonia. Assembling near Fiji on July 26, the Watchtower force consisted of 75 ships led by Vice Admiral Frank J. Fletcher with Rear Admiral Richmond K. Turner overseeing the amphibious forces. Going Ashore Approaching the area in poor weather, the Allied fleet remained undetected by the Japanese. On August 7, the landings began with 3,000 Marines assaulting the seaplane bases at Tulagi and Gavutu-Tanambogo. Centered on Lieutenant Colonel Merritt A. Edsons 1st Marine Raider Battalion and the 2nd Battalion, 5th Marines, the Tulagi force was compelled to disembark approximately 100 yards from the beach due to submerged coral reefs.   Wading ashore against no resistance, the Marines began securing the island and engaged enemy forces led by Captain Shigetoshi Miyazaki. Though Japanese resistance was fierce on both Tulagi and Gavutu-Tanambogo, the islands were secured on August 8 and 9 respectively. The situation on Guadalcanal was different as Vandegrift landed with 11,000 men against minimal opposition. Pushing forward the next day, they advanced to the Lunga River, secured the airfield, and drove off the Japanese construction troops that were in the area. The Japanese retreated west to the Matanikau River. In their haste to retreat, they left behind large quantities of food and construction equipment. At sea, Fletchers carrier aircraft incurred losses as they battled Japanese land-based aircraft from Rabaul. These attacks also resulted in the sinking of a transport, USS George F. Elliott, and a destroyer, USS Jarvis. Concerned about aircraft losses and his ships fuel supplies, he withdrew from the area on the evening of August 8. That evening, Allied naval forces suffered a severe defeat at the nearby Battle of Savo Island. Caught by surprise,  Rear Admiral Victor Crutchley screening force lost four heavy cruisers. Unaware that Fletcher was withdrawing, the Japanese commander, Vice Admiral Gunichi Mikawa, departed the area after the victory fearing air attack once the sun rose   His air cover gone, Turner withdrew on August 9 despite the fact that not all of the troops and supplies had been landed (Map). The Battle Begins Ashore, Vandegrifts men worked to form a loose perimeter and completed the airfield on August 18. Dubbed Henderson Field in memory of Marine aviator Lofton Henderson who had been killed at Midway, it began receiving aircraft two days later. Critical to the islands defense, the aircraft at Henderson became known as the Cactus Air Force (CAF) in reference to Guadalcanals code name. Short on supplies, the Marines initially possessed about two weeks worth of food when Turner departed. Their situation was further worsened by the onset of dysentery and a variety of tropical diseases. During this time, the Marines began patrolling against the Japanese in the Matanikau Valley with mixed results. In response to the Allied landings, Lieutenant General Harukichi Hyakutake, commander of the 17th Army at Rabaul, began shifting troops to the island. The first of these, under Colonel Kiyonao Ichiki, landed at Taivu Point on August 19. Advancing west, they attacked the Marines early on August 21 and were repulsed with heavy losses at the Battle of the Tenaru. The Japanese directed additional reinforcements to the area which resulted in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons. Though the battle was a draw, it forced Rear Admiral Raizo Tanakas reinforcement convoy to turn back. As the CAF controlled the skies around the island during daylight hours, the Japanese were compelled to deliver supplies and troops to the island using destroyers. Holding Guadalcanal Fast enough to reach the island, unload, and escape before dawn, the destroyer supply line was dubbed the Tokyo Express. Though effective, this method precluded the delivery of heavy equipment and weapons. His troops suffering from tropical diseases and food shortages, Vandegrift was reinforced and re-supplied in late-August and early-September. Having built up sufficient strength, Major General Kiyotake Kawaguchi attacked the Allied position at Lunga Ridge, south of Henderson Field, on September 12. In two nights of brutal fighting, the Marines held, forcing the Japanese to retreat. On September 18, Vandegrift was further reinforced, though the carrier USS Wasp was sunk covering the convoy. An American thrust against the Matanikau was checked late in the month, but actions in early October inflicted heavy losses on the Japanese and delayed their next offensive against the Lunga perimeter. With the struggle raging, Ghormley was convinced to dispatch US Army troops to aid Vandegrift. This coincided with a large Express run scheduled for October 10/11. On that evening, the two forces collided and Rear Admiral Norman Scott won a victory at the Battle of Cape Esperance. Not to be deterred, the Japanese sent a large convoy towards the island on October 13. To provide cover, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto dispatched two battleships to bombard Henderson Field. Arriving after midnight on October 14, they succeeded in destroying 48 of CAFs 90 aircraft. Replacements were quickly flown to the island and CAF began attacks on the convoy that day but to no effect. Reaching Tassafaronga on the islands western shore, the convoy began unloading the next day. Returning, CAF aircraft were more successful, destroying three cargo ships. Despite their efforts, 4,500 Japanese troops landed. The Battle Grinds On Reinforced, Hyakutake had around 20,000 men on Guadalcanal. He believed Allied strength to be around 10,000 (it was actually 23,000) and moved forward with another offensive. Moving east, his men assaulted the Lunga Perimeter for three days between October 23-26. Dubbed the Battle of Henderson Field, his attacks were thrown back with massive losses numbering 2,200-3,000 killed against less than 100 Americans. As the fighting was concluding, American naval forces now led by Vice Admiral William Bull Halsey (Ghormley was relieved on October 18) engaged the Japanese at the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Though Halsey lost the carrier USS Hornet, his men inflicted severe losses on the Japanese aircrews. The fight marked the last time that either sides carriers would clash in the campaign. Exploiting the victory at Henderson Field, Vandegrift began an offensive across the Matanikau. Though initially successful, it was halted when Japanese forces were discovered to the east near Koli Point. In a series of battles around Koli in early November, American forces defeated and drove off the Japanese. As this action was underway, two companies of the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion under Lieutenant Colonel Evans Carlson landed at Aola Bay on November 4. The next day, Carlson was ordered to move overland back to Lunga (approx. 40 miles) and engage enemy forces along the way. During the Long Patrol, his men killed around 500 Japanese. At Matanikau, Tokyo Express runs aided Hyakutake in strengthening his position and turning back American attacks on November 10 and 18. Victory at Last As a stalemate ensued on land, the Japanese made efforts to build up strength for an offensive in late November. To aid in this, Yamamoto made available eleven transports for Tanaka to transport 7,000 men to the island. This convoy would be covered by a force including two battleships which would bombard Henderson Field and destroy the CAF. Aware that the Japanese were moving troops to the island, the Allies planned a similar move. On the night of November 12/13, the Allied covering force encountered the Japanese battleships in the opening actions of the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. Taking off on November 14, CAF and aircraft from USS Enterprise spotted and sunk seven of Tanakas transports. Though taking heavy losses the first night, American warships turned the tide on the night of November 14/15. Tanakas remaining four transports beached themselves at Tassafaronga before dawn, but were quickly destroyed by Allied aircraft. The failure to reinforce the island led to the abandonment of the November offensive. On November 26, Lieutenant General Hitoshi Imamura took command of the newly created Eighth Area Army at Rabaul which included Hyakutakes command. Though he initially began planning for attacks at Lunga, the Allied offensive against Buna on New Guinea led to a shift in priorities as it presented a greater threat to Rabaul. As result, offensive operations on Guadalcanal were suspended. Though the Japanese won a naval victory at Tassafaronga on November 30, the supply situation on the island was becoming desperate. On December 12, the Imperial Japanese Navy recommended that the island be abandoned. The army concurred and on December 31 the Emperor endorsed the decision. As the Japanese planned their withdraw, changes occurred on Guadalcanal with Vandegrift and the battle weary 1st Marine Division departing and Major General Alexander Patchs XIV Corps taking over. On December 18, Patch began an offensive against Mount Austen. This stalled on January 4, 1943 due to strong enemy defenses. The attack was renewed on January 10 with troops also striking ridges known as the Seahorse and the Galloping Horse. By January 23, all objectives had been secured. As this fight was concluding, the Japanese had begun their evacuation which was dubbed Operation Ke. Unsure of Japanese intentions, Halsey sent Patch reinforcements which led to the naval Battle of Rennell Island on January 29/30. Concerned about a Japanese offensive, Patch did not aggressively pursue the retreating enemy. By February 7, Operation Ke was complete with 10,652 Japanese soldiers having left the island. Realizing the enemy had departed, Patch declared the island secured on February 9. Aftermath During the campaign to take Guadalcanal, the Allied losses numbered around 7,100 men, 29 ships, and 615 aircraft. Japanese casualties were approximately 31,000 killed, 1,000 captured, 38 ships, and 683-880 aircraft. With the victory at Guadalcanal, the strategic initiative passed to the Allies for the remainder of the war. The island was subsequently developed into a major base for supporting future Allied offensives. Having exhausted themselves in the campaign for the island, the Japanese had weakened themselves elsewhere which contributed to the successful conclusion of Allied campaigns on New Guinea. The first sustained Allied campaign in the Pacific, it provided a psychological boost for the troops as well as led to the development of combat and logistical systems that would be used in the Allies march across the Pacific. With the island secured, operations continued on New Guinea and the Allies began their island hopping campaign towards Japan.

Long-Term Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Long-Term Care - Essay Example The aging of America has helped to bring the issue of the state of long-term care system in the limelight. It was in 1988 when Presidential candidates talked in their debates for the elections while Congress first tried decisively to cobble a national policy on long-term care by introducing four major bills on long-term care financing (Kuchler 1). However, while America is aging, life expectancy has also lengthened so that more and more older people are joining the ranks of senior citizens - consequently, expanding the ranks of those who will face disability in the near future. In the past, the policy was geared towards institutional care, mostly nursing homes and residential care facilities, but now efforts are being done towards more a home-based or community-based care due to the wishes of the families of patients. Another socio-cultural force that has brought the long-term care system to its current state is the role played by informal caregivers, especially women. Women and relatives of the elderly and the disabled have traditionally been assigned the task of being the caregivers of the family. As a result of higher educational attainments, rising divorce rates, and more opportunities for women in the labor force, the long-term care system has been faced with the issue of dearth of informal caregivers. ... The shortage of care-giving professionals will continue to affect the state of the long-term care system in the future. Long-term care financing as well as delivery has been tasked as a matter of policy to Medicare and Medicaid, with the former including long-term care service only as an adjunct in case of acute illness for people with disabilities and the latter, as the institutional source of long-term care funding for very economically hard-up people. The policy has been criticized for failing to provide support for people who need long-term care service. Medicaid only could be relied on to provide long-term care when their financial resources have dried up and thus, "the system is excessively harsh" (Feder, Komisar and Niefeld 54). Partly the result of the inadequacy of the coverage of long-term care financing, most people especially from the middle classes rely on out-of-pocket expenses to pay for long-term care. It is estimated in one study that 20% of older people will spend US$25,000 from their own pockets to fund future long-term care needs (Johnson, Toohey and Wiener 2). There are continuin g policy debates on how to integrate Medicare and Medicaid and how these debates will fare in the coming years and thus shape whether the long-term care system will be up to the challenge of providing better services and financially viable options for the country. As the age group called the baby boomers or those who were born between 1946 and 1964 reach retirement age and who currently comprise more than a fourth of the American population, some have sounded alarms that this phenomenon is a healthcare crisis in the making (Achison n.p.). When this age group will become part of the population that will stop paying taxes that fund Medicare and would be

Unilever international finance and accounting Essay

Unilever international finance and accounting - Essay Example Unilever, United Kingdom, has just dropped Boursin as one of its business entities.Unilever ia a global business focusing on personal care, food and other consumer products. It has entrenched itself in the home as one of the trusted and reliable but reasonably priced products in the market today.Unilever has always been a staunch follower of all social responsibility laws. The social responsibility laws focus on many issues (Sluyterman 2005, 12).Further, one such issue is the payment of minimum salaries to its workers. Another such issue is the implementation of work conditions where environmental laws are taken into consideration. Another issue of social responsibility it the company's role of uplifting the lives of people in its community, the customers of Unilever and the world as a whole. In this regard, companies like Unilever are required to produce products that are not harmful to the customers and the environment (Dingman 2008). Unilever is an institution today because it had gone through many years of trials and errors with the aim of making profits without sacrificing its social responsibility to the community and other stakeholders. The following paragraphs explain Unilever's important place in the business world in terms of making profits, divestment of segments and its social responsibility.Unilever (United Kingdom) is one of the country units of Unilever world. The company has been producing popular household brands that are needed by homes, offices and work places around the United Kingdom alone. The company is an institution in the field of food, home and personal care products. Unilever (United Kingdom) has under its big belt over thirty five brands that include Cornetto, Bertolli, Cif, and Sunsilk. In the area of highest country revenue, the United Kingdom is next only to the United States. The company has started smoothly the rough working conditions in order to streamline its operations. One such financially correct move was to cut its manag erial positions by half during the year. Reference: www.finance.google.com/financecid=5763516 Further, the company has also innovated its company -wide sales and marketing operational strategy. The company has reduced operating expense in its United Kingdom branch by relocating its three departments to one single location. This financially rewarding move is currently the right time for the company continue its retrenchment of more than three hundred twenty line and staff employees until the year 2009. Its office is located in St. James Road, Kingston -Upon-Thames, KTI 2BA, GBR. Reference: www.finance.google.com/financecid=5763516 Unilever company is a financially stable company. The Income statement of Unilever UK for the year 2006 shows that the company generated in billions of pounds of revenues to the tue of 26,714. This shows a two percent decrease from the prior year revenues. The 2005 revenues generated 27,304.4.This represented a decrease of four percent over the prior year revenues. The 2004 revenues generated only 28,584.1. The 2006 cost of sales amounted to 13,540.3. This shows a four percent decline over the cost of goods sold of the prior year. The prior year cost of goods sold is 14,037.6. This is definitely two percent lower than the prior year cost of sales. The prior year sales amounted to 14,309.8. The company also generated gross profit of 13,173.7 for the year 2006. This is a seven percent decrease from the prior year gross profit. The prior year gross profit only reached of 14,274.4. Also, the gross profit ratio for the year 2006 is high at forty nine percent (13,171.7 /26,714). The gross profit ratio for the year 2005 is lower than the 2006 data at forty eight ;/100 percent (13,266.8 /27,304.4). The gross profit ratio for the year 2004 is high at fifty percent (14,274.43,171.7 /28,584.1). The company's operating income for the year 2006

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31) After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the feelings of animosity in America against Japan increased. By late 1945, the Allied leaders met in Germany with news of a secret new weapon, called the atomic bomb, created by American scientists, that was powerful enough to destroy an entire city. However, there were some feelings that the bomb was too powerful, and the leaders chose instead to send the Potsdam Declaration to Japan warning them to surrender. The Japanese military did not know about the atomic bomb and ignored the warning, so on August 6th 1945, an American bomber called the Enola Gay was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. This blast killed an approximated 70,000 people and destroyed more than eighty percent of the city, but the Japanese still did not surrender. The US dropped a second atomic bomb, and after a furious debate in the Japanese cabinet, the emperor of Japan announced a surrender. This day on the 14th of August became known as V-J Day, for Victory over Japan. 32) a & b) The approach to bring discrimination cases before the courts that I would have disagreed with most would have been using violence to gain attention. This approach only caused an uproar that required law enforcement and resulted in injuries of many people. Although it did bring attention, it brought the wrong sort of attention that they were seeking. The courts possibly would have been less eager to see their cases after acts of violence, since it only demonstrated rebellion. 33) a & b) President Lyndon Johnson proposed the development of a plan called the Great Society, which was a plan with an ambitious goal to improve the standard of living of every American. One of these important Great Society programs was Medicare. This plan helped to pay the hospital bills of citizens over the age of 65. Similar to this program, Medicaid gave states money to help poor people of all ages with medical bills. Along with this, he fought to help Americans who lived below the poverty line. The Economic Opportunity Act was passed in 1964 to set up job-training programs for the poor. It also gave loans to businesses poor sections of the cities and offered loans to poor farmers. 34) Among the recent advances in science and technology, the development of computers has become a part of everyday life in American culture. Random Essays :: essays research papers 31) After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the feelings of animosity in America against Japan increased. By late 1945, the Allied leaders met in Germany with news of a secret new weapon, called the atomic bomb, created by American scientists, that was powerful enough to destroy an entire city. However, there were some feelings that the bomb was too powerful, and the leaders chose instead to send the Potsdam Declaration to Japan warning them to surrender. The Japanese military did not know about the atomic bomb and ignored the warning, so on August 6th 1945, an American bomber called the Enola Gay was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. This blast killed an approximated 70,000 people and destroyed more than eighty percent of the city, but the Japanese still did not surrender. The US dropped a second atomic bomb, and after a furious debate in the Japanese cabinet, the emperor of Japan announced a surrender. This day on the 14th of August became known as V-J Day, for Victory over Japan. 32) a & b) The approach to bring discrimination cases before the courts that I would have disagreed with most would have been using violence to gain attention. This approach only caused an uproar that required law enforcement and resulted in injuries of many people. Although it did bring attention, it brought the wrong sort of attention that they were seeking. The courts possibly would have been less eager to see their cases after acts of violence, since it only demonstrated rebellion. 33) a & b) President Lyndon Johnson proposed the development of a plan called the Great Society, which was a plan with an ambitious goal to improve the standard of living of every American. One of these important Great Society programs was Medicare. This plan helped to pay the hospital bills of citizens over the age of 65. Similar to this program, Medicaid gave states money to help poor people of all ages with medical bills. Along with this, he fought to help Americans who lived below the poverty line. The Economic Opportunity Act was passed in 1964 to set up job-training programs for the poor. It also gave loans to businesses poor sections of the cities and offered loans to poor farmers. 34) Among the recent advances in science and technology, the development of computers has become a part of everyday life in American culture.

Egalitarian Companies Are More Innovative

Discuss the pros and cons of the following statement: â€Å"Egalitarian companies are more innovative. † An egalitarian company exists with equal human rights for all employees, regardless of social economic income, race, origin, gender, religious or political beliefs. Most people view egalitarian as fair as it creates a friendly working environment. an egalitarian work environment doesn’t depend on job descriptions and traditional management roles. This allows employees to function as a more inclusive work force. it promoted shared responsibilities among workers and promotes team work. An egalitarian work environment doesn’t depend on job description and traditional management roles to define employees and structure workforce. This allows employees in a company to exist without hierarchies and function as more inclusive workforce. Employees may feel more appreciated and contribute ideas to the company’s growth and overall direction and operational strategies. Pros. In organizations, hierarchy is more than just a human predisposition, it’s a practical necessity. The purpose of an organization is to mobilize diverse talents and abilities in order to produce goods and services. In the modern world, we have technology to multiply this output. We need to divide up tasks, match them with the right people (since not all people have equal skills), and then integrate them for customers. Somebody has to provide the direction to make this happen effectively at every stage and level. This is where the role of the supervisor, manager, team leader, or executive comes in. Without this guidance and decision function, we would have disorganization. There are many, companies that have long shown success through their structure. In certain market environments there need strict adherence to standards, requirements, policies, etc. ierarchies can help ensure top quality is always present. ie health facilities. Additionally, utilizing specialists or experts inside an organization or network, is natural. Not everyone can do everything. Boundaries can be more permeable so that people can share information, resources, and ideas to make the whole enterprise more successful. Making this happen is never easy, but it can’t be done at all without leaders who have the authority to break the ties between groups and individuals who have different visions of what should be done. There is no better way to do this than through traditional hierarchy. Along with that, it may not be cost, time or quality abiding to let everyone roam free without direction. The right blend and balance for any one particular organization will depend on the pace of change in the industry, the capabilities of the employees, and the resources available to take action. The need for leadership will always exist. There will always be a need for visionaries, people who can influence others, and people who can execute. Cons. While hierarchies were the favored form of organizing in the past, they should not be the key design in business. Hierarchies, characterized by tight controls, centralized decision-making, and clear-cut job descriptions, often alienate employees and promote an individualistic work mentality. Traditional management systems are increasingly a vanishing breed, no longer valuable or relevant in today’s increasingly human-capital-centric workplace. The lack of job descriptions, flatter organizations, and flexible approach would likely fit better for organizational environments that are new, immature, or very rapidly evolving. With a lightning fast pace of change, constraining job descriptions may hold individuals back from taking action. Leadership is vital in driving forward principles that can be acted upon. With visionary approaches that allow for empowered action, many great things can be achieved. Identify three organizations that you perceive as being innovative. Organization innovation is the successful implementation of creative ideas in an organization. The three organizations that I perceive as being innovative are; Facebook, Apple and Microsoft. All three companies have managed to be creative and sustain a competitive advantage. They have also maintained quality and form of their service and product overtime. Identify the innovation and its impact upon each organization. Facebook innovation has attracted billions of members to their site. They have a continuing innovation of interactive face book communication that has created patterns of innovation overtime. Facebook has created a market competitive advantage. Facebook has used distinctive competitiveness to sustain its innovation and avoid duplication by competitors. Face book have maintained an incremental change by having their members sign in for free and also by improving the Facebook performance as a dominant website. Facebook is a social networking service and website. As of January 2012, Facebook had more than 800 million active users. Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add other users as friends, and exchange messages, including automatic notifications when they update their profile. Additionally, users may join common-interest user groups, organized by workplace, school or college, or other characteristics, and categorize their friends into lists such as â€Å"People from Work† or â€Å"Close Friends†. Face book innovation as attracted 7 billion user’s worldwide. It has also launched a Spanish version. Apple, one of the greatest innovators continue to launch new technology i. e. IPhones, iPods. Etc. over time Apple continues to create newer sustainable technology. Apple Inc. together with subsidiaries offers designs, manufactures, and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, and portable digital music players; and sells related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digital content worldwide. Its products and services include iPhone, iPad, Mac, iPod, Apple TV, the iOS and Mac OS X operating systems, iCloud, and various accessory and support offerings, as well as a range of consumer and professional software applications. As of September 24, 2011, the company had 357 retail stores, including 245 stores in the United States and 112 stores internationally. Apple Inc. was founded in 1976 and is headquartered in Cupertino, California. Microsoft Corporation develops, licenses, and supports a range of software products and services for various computing devices worldwide. The company’s Windows & Windows Live Division segment offers PC operating system that primarily includes Windows 7 and Windows Vista operating systems; Windows live suite of applications and Web services; and Microsoft PC hardware products. Its Microsoft’s Server and Tools segment provides Windows Server operating systems, Windows Azure, Microsoft SQL Server, SQL Azure, Windows Intune, Windows Embedded, Visual Studio, Silverlight, system center products, Microsoft consulting services, and product support services. This segment also offers enterprise consulting services; and training and certification to developers and information technology professionals, as well as builds standalone and software development lifecycle tools for software architects, developers, testers, and project managers. The company provides online information and content through Bing, MSN portals, and adCenter, as well as Atlas online tools for advertisers. Its Microsoft Business Division segment offers Microsoft office; Microsoft Exchange; Microsoft SharePoint; Microsoft Lync; Microsoft Dynamics ERP and CRM; and Microsoft Office Web Apps, as well as office 365, n online service, offering Microsoft Office, Exchange, SharePoint, and Lync. The company’s has created great inovative Entertainment and Devices Division segment provides Xbox 360 entertainment platform, which includes the Xbox 360 gaming and entertainment console, Kinect for Xbox 360, Xbox 360 video games, Xbox LIVE, and Xbox 360 accessories; Mediaroom, an Internet protocol television software; and Windows Phone that provide Microsoft Office and Xbox LIVE functionality. It markets and distributes its products and services through original equipment manufacturers, distributors, and resellers, as well as through online. Microsoft was founded in 1975 and is headquartered in Redmond, Washington. (www. mocrosoft. com) William Chuck,(management) 2010 Custom Edition.

What Are Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Adjective Clauses

An adjective clause functions almost exactly like a solo adjective, to modify a noun. Adjectival clauses  are dependent clauses, and usually begin with a relative pronoun (which, that, who, whom  or whose) or a relative adverb (where, when, and why).   There are two main types of  adjectival  clauses: nonrestrictive and restrictive. Heres a little bit about how to distinguish between the two.   Nonrestrictive Adjective Clauses An adjective clause set off from the main clause by commas is said to be nonrestrictive. Heres an example: Old Professor Legree, who dresses like a teenager, is going through his second childhood. This who clause is nonrestrictive because the information in the clause doesnt restrict or limit the noun it modifies ( Old Professor Legree). The commas signify that the adjective clause provides added, not essential, information. Restrictive Adjective Clauses On the other hand, an adjective clause that is restrictive should not be set off by commas. An older person who dresses like a teenager is often an object of ridicule. Here, the adjective clause restricts or limits the meaning of the noun it modifies ( An older person). A restrictive adjective clause is not set off by commas. So to review, here are the basic rules. An adjective clause that can be omitted from a sentence without affecting the basic meaning of the sentence should be set off by commas and is nonrestrictive. An adjective clause that cannot be omitted from a sentence without affecting the basic meaning of the sentence should not be set off by commas and is restrictive Practice Identifying Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses For each sentence below, decide if the adjective clause (in bold) is restrictive or nonrestrictive. When youre done, check your answers at the bottom of the page. Students who have young children are invited to use the free daycare center.I left my son at the campus daycare center, which is free to all full-time students.John Wayne, who appeared in over 200 movies, was the biggest box-office attraction of his time.I refuse to live in any house that Jack built.Merdine, who was born in a boxcar somewhere in Arkansas, grows homesick every time she hears the wail of a train whistle.My new running shoes, which cost more than a hundred dollars, fell apart during the marathon.I lent some money to Earl, whose house was destroyed in the flood.The thing that impresses me the most about America is the way parents obey their children.A physician who smokes and overeats has no right to criticize the personal habits of his patients.The beer that made Milwaukee famous has made a loser out of me. Answers RestrictiveNonrestrictiveNonrestrictiveRestrictiveNonrestrictiveNonrestrictiveNonrestrictiveRestrictiveRestrictiveRestrictive